Membership of the 31st Congress of the United States
 
March 4, 1849 to March 3, 1851
 
First Session:  December 3, 1849 to September 30, 1850
Second Session:  December 2, 1850 to March 3, 1851
Special Session of the Senate:  March 5, 1849 to March 23, 1849
 

Vice President of the United States:

Millard Fillmore (New York) (became President July 10, 1850 upon the death of Zachary Taylor; Vice Presidency remained vacant until
March 4, 1853)

President Pro Tempore of the Senate: 

David R. Atchison (Missouri)
William R. King (Alabama), from May 6, 1850

Secretary of the Senate: 

Asbury Dickins (North Carolina)

Sergeant At Arms of the Senate: 

Robert Beale (Virginia)

 

 

Speaker of the House of Representatives: 

Howell Cobb (Georgia)

Clerk of the House: 

Thomas J. Campbell (Tennessee)
Richard M. Young (Illinois), from April 17, 1850

Sergeant At Arms of the House: 

Nathan Sargent (Vermont)
Adam J. Glossbrenner (Pennsylvania), from January 15, 1850

Doorkeeper of the House: 

Robert E. Horner (New Jersey)

 

Alabama

 

Senators

 

William R. King

Benjamin Fitzpatrick (resigned November 30, 1849 when Jeremiah Clemens was elected)

Jeremiah Clemens (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Dixon Lewis; served from November 30, 1849)

 

Representatives

 

District 1: William J. Alston
District 2: Henry W. Hilliard
District 3: Sampson W. Harris
District 4: Samuel W. Inge
District 5: David Hubbard
District 6: Williamson R. W. Cobb
District 7: Franklin W. Bowdon
 

Arkansas

 

Senators

 

Solon Borland

William K. Sebastian

 

Representative At Large

 

Robert W. Johnson
 

California (admitted as a state September 9, 1850)

 

Senators

 

William M. Gwin (served from September 9, 1850)

John Charles Fremont (served from September 9, 1850)

 

Representatives At Large

 

George W. Wright (served from September 11, 1850)
Edward Gilbert (served from September 11, 1850)
 

Connecticut

 

Senators

 

Roger S. Baldwin

Truman Smith

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Loren P. Waldo
District 2: Walter Booth
District 3: Chauncey F. Cleveland
District 4: Thomas B. Butler
 

Delaware

 

Senators

 

Presley Spruance

John Wales

 

Representative At Large

 

John W. Houston
 

Florida

 

Senators

 

David L. Yulee

Jackson Morton

 

Representative At Large

 

Edward C. Cabell

 

Georgia

 

Senators

 

John M. Berrien

William C. Dawson

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Thomas B. King (resigned 1850)
Joseph W. Jackson (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Butler King; served from March 4, 1850)
District 2: Marshall J. Wellborn
District 3: Allen F. Owen
District 4: Hugh A. Haralson
District 5: Thomas C. Hackett
District 6: Howell Cobb
District 7: Alexander H. Stephens
District 8: Robert A. Toombs
 

Illinois

 

Senators

 

Stephen A. Douglas
James Shields (elected for the term commencing March 4, 1849; took his seat on March 5, 1849, but a resolution was presented raising the question of his eligibility; on March 15, 1849 the Senators declared his election void on the ground that he had not been a citizen of the United States the number of years required by the Constitution; immediately elected for the same term and served from October 27, 1849)

 

Representatives

 

District 1: William H. Bissell
District 2: John A. McClernand
District 3: Timothy R. Young
District 4: John Wentworth
District 5: William A. Richardson
District 6: Edward D. Baker
District 7: Thomas L. Harris
 

Indiana

 

Senators

 

Jesse D. Bright

James Whitcomb

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Nathaniel Albertson
District 2: Cyrus L. Dunham
District 3: John L. Robinson
District 4: George W. Julian
District 5: William J. Brown
District 6: Willis A. Gorman
District 7: Edward W. McGaughey
District 8: Joseph E. McDonald
District 9: Graham N. Fitch
District 10: Andrew J. Harlan
 

Iowa

 

Senators

 

Augustus C. Dodge

George W. Jones

 

Representatives

 

District 1: William Thompson (election contested by Daniel F. Miller; seat declared vacant June 29, 1850)
Daniel F. Miller (contested the election of William Thompson, but the House decided that neither was entitled to the seat; subsequently elected to fill this vacancy; served from December 20, 1850)
District 2: Shepherd Leffler
 

Kentucky

 

Senators

 

Joseph R. Underwood

Henry Clay

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Linn Boyd
District 2: James L. Johnson
District 3: Finis E. McLean
District 4: George A. Caldwell
District 5: John B. Thompson
District 6: Daniel Breck
District 7: Humphrey Marshall
District 8: Charles S. Morehead
District 9: John C. Mason
District 10: Richard H. Stanton
 

Louisiana

 

Senators

 

Solomon W. Downs

Pierre Soulé

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Emile La Sére
District 2: Charles M. Conrad (resigned August 17, 1850)
Henry A. Bullard (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Charles M. Conrad; served from December 5, 1850)
District 3: John H. Harmanson (died October 24, 1850)
Alexander G. Penn (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John H. Harmanson; served from December 30, 1850)
District 4: Isaac E. Morse
 

Maine

 

Senators

 

James W. Bradbury

Hannibal Hamlin

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Elbridge Gerry
District 2: Nathaniel S. Littlefield
District 3: John Otis
District 4: Rufus K. Goodenow
District 5: Cullen Sawtelle
District 6: Charles Stetson
District 7: Thomas J. D. Fuller
 

Maryland

 

Senators

 

James A. Pearce

Reverdy Johnson (resigned March 7, 1849 to become Attorney General of the United States)

David Stewart (appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Reverdy Johnson; served from December 6, 1849 to January 12, 1850, when Thomas G. Pratt was elected)

Thomas G. Pratt (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Reverdy Johnson; served from January 12, 1850)

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Richard J. Bowie
District 2: William T. Hamilton
District 3: Edward Hammond
District 4: Robert M. McLane
District 5: Alexander Evans
District 6: John B. Kerr
 

Massachusetts

 

Senators

 

Daniel Webster (resigned June 22, 1850 to become Secretary of State)

John Davis

Robert C. Winthrop (appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Webster; served from July 30, 1850 to February 1, 1851, when Robert Rantoul was elected)

Robert Rantoul (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Daniel Webster; served from February 1, 1851)

 

Representatives

 

District 1:

Robert C. Winthrop (resigned July 30, 1850 to become Senator)

Samuel A. Eliot (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Robert C. Winthrop; served from August 22, 1850)

District 2:

Daniel P. King (died July 25, 1850)

District 3:

James H. Duncan

District 4:

Vacant

District 5:

Charles Allen

District 6:

George Ashmun

District 7:

Julius Rockwell

District 8:

Horace Mann

District 9:

Orin Fowler

District 10:

Joseph Grinnell

 

Michigan

 

Senators

 

Lewis Cass

Alpheus Felch

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Alexander W. Buel
District 2: William Sprague IV
District 3: Kinsley S. Bingham
 

Mississippi

 

Senators

 

Henry Stuart Foote

Jefferson Davis

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Jacob Thompson
District 2: Winfield S. Featherston
District 3: William McWillie
District 4: Albert Gallatin Brown
 

Missouri

 

Senators

 

Thomas Hart Benton

David R. Atchison

 

Representatives

 

District 1: James B. Bowlin
District 2: William V. Bay
District 3: James S. Green
District 4: Willard P. Hall
District 5: John S. Phelps
 

New Hampshire

 

Senators

 

John P. Hale

Moses Norris, Jr.

 

Representatives

 

District 1:

Amos Tuck

District 2:

Charles H. Peaslee

District 3:

James Wilson (resigned September 9, 1850)

George W. Morrison (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James Wilson; served from October 8, 1850)

District 4:

Harry Hibbard

 

New Jersey

 

Senators

 

Jacob W. Miller

William L. Dayton

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Andrew K. Hay
District 2: William A. Newell
District 3: Isaac Widrick
District 4: John Van Dyke
District 5: James G. King
 

New York

 

Senators

 

Daniel S. Dickinson

William H. Seward

 

Representatives

 

District 1: John A. King
District 2: David A. Bokee
District 3: Jonas P. Phoenix
District 4: Walter Underhill
District 5: George Briggs
District 6: James Brooks
District 7: William Nelson
District 8: Ransom Halloway
District 9: Thomas McKissock
District 10: Herman D. Gould
District 11: Peter H. Silvester
District 12: Gideon Reynolds
District 13: John L. Schoolcraft
District 14: George R. Andrews
District 15: John R. Thurman
District 16: Hugh L. White
District 17: Henry P. Alexander
District 18: Preston King
District 19: Charles E. Clarke
District 20: Orsamus B. Matteson
District 21: Hiram Walden
District 22: Henry Bennett
District 23: William Duer
District 24: Daniel Gott
District 25: Harmon S. Conger
District 26: William T. Jackson
District 27: William A. Sackett
District 28: Abraham M. Schermerhorn
District 29: Robert L. Rose
District 30: David Rumsey
District 31: Elijah Risley
District 32: Elbridge G. Spaulding
District 33: Harvey Putnam
District 34: Lorenzo Burrows
 

North Carolina

 

Senators

 

Willie P. Mangum

George E. Badger

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Thomas L. Clingman
District 2: Joseph P. Caldwell
District 3: Edmund Deberry
District 4: Augustine H. Shepperd
District 5: Abraham W. Venable
District 6: John R. J. Daniel
District 7: William S. Ashe
District 8: Edward Stanly
District 9: David Outlaw
 

Ohio

 

Senators

 

Thomas Corwin (resigned July 20, 1850 to become Secretary of the Treasury)

Salmon P. Chase

Thomas Ewing (appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Thomas Corwin; served from July 20, 1850)

 

Representatives

 

District 1: David T. Disney
District 2: Lewis D. Campbell
District 3: Robert C. Schenck
District 4: Moses B. Corwin
District 5: Emery D. Potter
District 6: Rodolphus Dickinson (died March 20, 1849)
Amos E. Wood (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Rudolphus Dickinson; served from December 3, 1849; died November 19, 1850)
John Bell (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Amos E. Wood; served from January 7, 1851)
District 7: Jonathan D. Morris
District 8: John L. Taylor
District 9: Edson B. Olds
District 10: Charles Sweetser
District 11: John K. Miller
District 12: Samuel F. Vinton
District 13: William A. Whittlesey
District 14: Nathan Evans
District 15: William F. Hunter
District 16: Moses Hoagland
District 17: Joseph Cable
District 18: David K. Cartter
District 19: John Crowell
District 20: Joshua R. Giddings
District 21: Joseph M. Root
 

Pennsylvania

 

Senators

 

Daniel Sturgeon

James Cooper

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Lewis C. Levin
District 2: Joseph R. Chandler
District 3: Henry D. Moore
District 4: John Robbins
District 5: Jonathan Freedley
District 6: Thomas Ross
District 7: Jesse C. Dickey
District 8: Thaddeus Stevens
District 9: William Strong
District 10: Milo M. Dimmick
District 11: Chester P. Butler (died October 5, 1850)
John Brisbin (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Chester P. Butler; served from January 13, 1851)
District 12: David Wilmot
District 13: Joseph Casey
District 14: Charles W. Pitman
District 15: Henry Nes (died September 10, 1850)
Joel B. Danner (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Henry Nes; served from December 2, 1850)
District 16: James X. McLanahan
District 17: Samuel Calvin
District 18: Andrew J. Ogle
District 19: Job Mann
District 20: Robert R. Reed
District 21: Moses Hampton
District 22: John W. Howe
District 23: James Thompson
District 24: Alfred Gilmore
 

Rhode Island

 

Senators

 

Albert C. Greene

John Hopkins Clarke

 

Representatives

 

District 1: George G. King
District 2: Nathan F. Dixon II
 

South Carolina

 

Senators

 

John C. Calhoun (died March 31, 1850)

Andrew Pickens Butler

Franklin Harper Elmore (appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John C. Calhoun; served from April 11, 1850; died May 29, 1850)

Robert Barnwell (appointed to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Franklin Harper Elmore; served from June 4, 1850 to December 8, 1850, when Robert Barnwell Rhett was elected)

Robert Barnwell Rhett (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of John C. Calhoun; served from December 18, 1850)

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Daniel Wallace
District 2: James L. Orr
District 3: Joseph A. Woodward
District 4: John McQueen
District 5: Armistead Burt
District 6: Isaac E. Holmes
District 7: William F. Colcock
 

Tennessee

 

Senators

 

Hopkins L. Turney

John Bell

 

Representatives

 

District 1: Andrew Johnson
District 2: Albert G. Watkins
District 3: Josiah M. Anderson
District 4: John H. Savage
District 5: George W. Jones
District 6: James H. Thomas
District 7: Meredith P. Gentry
District 8: Andrew Ewing
District 9: Isham G. Harris
District 10: Frederick P. Stanton
District 11: Christopher H. Williams
 

Texas

 

Senators

 

Sam Houston

Thomas J. Rusk

 

Representatives

 

District 1: David S. Kaufman (died January 31, 1851)
District 2: Volney E. Howard
 

Vermont

 

Senators

 

Samuel S. Phelps

William Upham

 

Representatives

 

District 1: William Henry
District 2:

William Hebard

District 3: George P. Marsh (resigned 1849 to become Minister Resident to Turkey)
James Meacham (elected to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of George P. Marsh; served from December 3, 1849)
District 4: Lucius B. Peck
 

Virginia

 

Senators

 

James M. Mason

Robert M. T. Hunter

 

Representatives

 

District 1: John S. Millson
District 2: Richard K. Meade
District 3: Thomas H. Averett
District 4: Thomas S. Bocock
District 5: Paulus Powell
District 6: